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dxlsm - Graphical interface, also called the Visual Administrator, for the Logical Storage Manager (LSM)
/usr/bin/X11/dxlsm [-options]
Specifies the color of the window's background (color displays
only). The default is white.
Specifies the display screen on which
dxlsm
displays its window. If the display option is not specified,
dxlsm
uses the display screen specified by your
DISPLAY
environment variable. The display variable has the format
hostname:number. Using two colons
(::) instead of one (:) indicates that DECnet is to be used for transport.
The default is :0. For more information, see
X(1X).
Specifies the color of the text (color displays only). The
default is black.
Specifies the width, length, and location of the
dxlsm
window. If the geometry option is not specified,
dxlsm
uses default values. The geometry option has the format
=[width][xlength][x][y]. For more information about
the screen coordinate system, see
X(1X).
Brings up a help screen that displays the dxlsm options.
Uses a monochrome display instead of color. Instead of using
color to differentiate icons, the display uses bitmap patterns of varying
textures and shades.
Specifies the title for the dxlsm window.
Sets the specified X resource for the current dxlsm session.
See the
X DEFAULTS
section of this reference page
for a list of the resources you can set.
Suppresses a reminder message that is issued by default when
dxlsm
is used in a TruCluster Production Server or TruCluster Available
Server configuration. Unless suppressed, this message is displayed each time
dxlsm
starts up and whenever the configuration is changed.
The Visual Administrator (dxlsm) is a graphical user interface (GUI) for LSM. The Visual Administrator interface provides the user with graphical elements such as icons, windows, and menus to ease the task of manipulating the LSM configuration. Note that the Visual Administrator software is included with the base system software, but it requires a separate LSM license to run.
The graphical interface is designed primarily for disk and volume operations. For example, you can use it to add and rename disks; to initialize and remove diskgroups; to mirror volumes, and to create, change, and remove volumes, plexes, and subdisks. You can also use dxlsm to display information about disks and volumes. In addition to the disk and volume operations, the Visual Administrator provides a limited set of file system operations. For example, you can create and mirror file sytems.
The Visual Administrator interface provides a consistent view of the LSM configuration. If a configuration or its objects are changed while a Visual Administrator session is running, the icons representing those objects automatically alter themselves to reflect such changes. The icons adjust themselves in this manner, regardless of whether the changes were made by the Visual Administrator itself or by another LSM interface.
Before you can start the LSM Visual Administrator, you must be logged into an account that has superuser privileges. To start the Visual Administrator from the command line, enter the dxlsm command as follows: # dxlsm
When
dxlsm
comes up, it displays the main LSM Visual
Administrator window, called the
root window, and the
View of rootdg
window.
A two- or three-button mouse is required in order to use dxlsm. The following table describes the default mouse buttons, referred to as the MB1, MB2, and MB3 buttons.
Virtual Mouse Button | 3-Button Access | 2-Button Access | Function |
MB1 | Left | Left | Selects a single icon. |
MB2 | Middle | Ctrl-Left |
Selects either one or multiple icons simultaneously.
|
MB3 | Right | Right |
Views properties of an object. If the icon
is not undergoing analysis, it displays the properties form for that object.
If the icon is undergoing analysis, it displays the analysis statistics form
for that object.
|
Shift-MB1 | Shift-Left | Shift-Left |
Toggles between minimizing or maximizing
an icon.
|
Shift-MB2 | Shift-Middle | Ctrl-Right |
Toggles between starting or stopping projection
on the selected icon.
|
Shift-MB3 | Shift-Right | Shift-Right |
Displays the properties form for the object,
regardless of whether analysis is in effect.
|
The Visual Administrator interface uses icons to represent the following LSM objects: volumes plexes subdisks disks
Disk groups are represented as view windows rather than icons.
The icons representing LSM disks, volumes, and other objects belonging to a particular disk group are all displayed within the view of the disk group. The following list describes the icons and their characteristics. Physical disks appear as cylindrical icons labeled PD. These icons represent physical disks known to dxlsm. Physical disk icons appear in the View of Disks window. Partitions appear as rectangular icons within physical disk icons. The partition icon is labeled with the device name. If a disk has been added to a disk group, the corresponding partition icon is shaded. Partition icons appear in the View of Disks window. LSM disks appear as cylindrical icons labeled D usually contain subdisks, which are represented as rectangles. LSM disk icons represent disks that are both under LSM control and assigned to a disk group. LSM disk icons are labeled with the disk name, by default. LSM disk icons typically appear in a disk group view. Subdisks appear within LSM disks (and often within plexes) as rectangular shaped icons. Subdisk icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. Log subdisks (used to log recent disk activity) have icons with double borders to distinguish them from regular subdisk icons. Plexes appear either alone or within volumes as relatively large rectangles containing subdisks. Plex icons have a heavy border to distinguish them from partition or subdisk icons. Plex icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. Volumes appear as cylindrical icons labeled V. These icons often contain plex and subdisk icons. Volume icons are distinguished from disk icons by a heavy border. Volume icons typically appear in disk group views or in the View of Volumes window. With some operations, icons are updated almost instantly to reflect the results of the operation just performed. During other operations, it may take awhile for a particular icon to update itself. While being updated, icons are prevented from accepting input or undergoing configuration changes. Since an icon that is busy being updated should not be selected or manipulated, dxlsm greys out the text in that icon so that the user is aware that it is temporarily inaccessible. No input is accepted by an icon while it is greyed out. As soon as the icon is fully updated, it returns to its normal visual state and accepts input again. Icons that are temporarily greyed out in this manner are also referred to as blocked icons.
There are two ways to manipulate icons, as described here: The user first selects an icon by positioning the pointer on it and then clicking MB1 (when selecting a single icon) or MB2 (when selecting multiple icons) button. The mouse or keyboard can then be used to choose an operation (typically from a menu) to be applied to the selected icons. The user drags an icon and then drops it elsewhere. An icon is dragged by holding down MB1 and then moving the mouse, which moves an outline of that icon. The icon can then be positioned in a different location or on top of another icon and dropped there by releasing MB1. The resulting operation depends on the icon type and drop location.
Depending on the type of monitor you are using, the Visual Administrator employs color or bitmap patterns to indicate the following: State of an icon Activity level of an icon Relationships between icons Failure of an operation
It is possible for a single icon to be in multiple states represented by different colors or patterns at once. For example, a given icon may be both selected and under projection at the same time. In such cases, the reflects the color or pattern that represents the highest priority. The following is the priority list for possible icon states, starting with the highest priority: Blocked Error Selected Projected Analyzed Enabled
An icon that is in the blocked state (highest priority) is one that is currently busy and cannot allow any mouse or keyboard input. The text within a blocked icon is greyed out to indicate that it is inaccessible.
If a color monitor is used, the default colors are red, yellow, grey and green. If a monochrome monitor is used, bitmap patterns of varying textures and shades are used instead of colors. By default, standard X Window System bitmaps (typically located in either /usr/include/X11/bitmaps or /usr/bin/X11/bitmaps) are used to create these patterns.
The following table describes the values for the default colors and bitmap patterns associated with icons under different conditions. See the X DEFAULTS section of this reference page for information about changing the default colors and patterns.
Situation | Color | Bitmap Pattern |
selected icon | royal blue | gray3 |
disabled icon | light grey | stripe4 |
alarmed icon | red | gray1 |
free subdisk icon | light grey | root_weave |
projection | deep pink | root_weave |
analysis: low | green | cross_weave |
analysis: medium | yellow | root_weave |
analysis: high | red | wide_weave |
Once you start the Visual Administrator, any of the view windows can be accessed via the root window. Views are special windows that display icons representing all LSM objects or a subset of objects currently known to LSM.
When the Visual Administrator comes up, it displays the main Visual Administrator window (also known as the root window). The root window contains a menu bar and a set of buttons. The set of buttons varies slightly depending on whether you have RAID (Redundant Arrays of Independent Disks) subsystems installed on your system. The menu bar contains the following pull-down menu items: Closes the current window or exits the Visual Administrator interface completely Creates and manipulates user views Sets user preferences when using the Visual Administrator GUI Accesses the help facility
From the Visual Administrator root window, you can use the pull-down Views menu to get to the views windows. With views, you can examine and manipulate different parts of the physical and logical storage systems. You can add or remove icons from views only by using the LSM Visual Administrator.
Each view window title includes the name of the machine on which the session is running.
The Visual Administrator root window provides a view button area containing a button for every view on the system. Views are accessed by clicking MB1 on one of the view buttons in the views subwindow.
The Visual Administrator allows for two types of views: default views and user-created views. Both types function identically, but certain restrictions are placed on default views. Default views cannot be removed or renamed by the user, as user-created views can.
Click on the mouse buttons to access the default view windows described in the following table.
Menu Buttons | Window | Access |
Disks | View of Disks | Displays all physical disks on the system |
Volumes | View of Volumes |
Displays all volumes, as well as plexes and
associated subdisks, on the system
|
World | View of World |
Displays everything on the system including
physical and LSM disks, volumes, and other objects
|
rootdg | View of rootdg |
Displays everything in the default disk group,
rootdg, including LSM disks, volumes, and other objects
|
A user-created view is a view window that focuses on a particular part of a physical and a logical mass storage system, as defined by the system administrator. The system administrator can create views consisting of a selected collection of icons. For example, a user might create a special view to correspond to a physical or logical grouping (such as a view for the accounting department). User-created views enable the user to isolate part of the mass storage subsystem to observe or monitor that part of the configuration.
User-created views differ from default views in that they contain copies of icons from default views. Operations performed on these icon copies are reflected in the default views that display the affected icons. However, icons that appear in user-created views are not always updated whenever those icons are altered in the corresponding default view.
User-created views can be created using the
Views
pull-down menu from the
Visual Administrator root window.
Once created, icons can be added to a new view window by copying them over
from existing views via the
Icon
menu.
By default, the View of rootdg window, which contains objects belonging to the rootdg disk group, appears immediately after the Visual Administrator window displays.
You should perform operations in the View of rootdg window or in another disk group view whenever possible.
The
View of rootdg
window has a menu bar containing
the following menu items:
Closes the current window or exits the Visual Administrator
completely
Accesses basic volume, file system, and disk operations
Accesses advanced operations involving volumes, disks, and
other LSM objects
Analyzes and displays the activity level of objects
Illustrates the relationships between certain objects
Sets user preferences for using the GUI. Also displays the
Command Info window
Manipulates icons
Accesses the help facility
This section lists the disk operations you can perform using the Visual Administrator.
Disk groups are represented visually as disk group views rather than icons. To view the objects in a particular disk group, click MB1 on the appropriate disk group button in the Visual Administrator window. A View of Disks window appears. Physical disk icons containing partition icons are displayed in this window. Disks under LSM control contain partition icons that are colored or patterned. Note that the View of rootdg window is the view of the disks that belong to the rootdg disk group.
To display information about for a particular LSM disk, in the View of rootdg or appropriate disk group view, click MB3 on the disk icon whose properties you want to view. The disk's properties form appears, displaying detailed information about the disk. For example, the properties form includes a field that shows the maximum free space available on that disk.
It is possible to alter certain characteristics of the disk by editing the appropriate properties form field and then clicking MB1 on Apply. For example, you can use the properties form to change the name of a disk.
For the following operations, in the appropriate view window, begin by selecting Disk Group from the Advanced-Ops menu. Add a disk to a disk group Deport a disk group Import a disk group
See the manual
Logical Storage Manager
for more information on disk operations.
The volume operations are performed from the View of rootdg window for the rootdg disk group or from the appropriate disk group view for other disk groups.
To display information about a volume, in the View of rootdg or appropriate disk group view, click MB3 on the volume icon whose properties you want to view. The volume's properties form appears, displaying detailed information about the volume. It is possible to alter certain characteristics of the volume (such as its name) by editing the appropriate properties form field and then clicking MB1 on Apply.
To perform the following volume operations using the Visual Administrator, from the appropriate disk view, select Volume Operations from the Basic-Ops menu: Create a simple volume
To back up a volume, follow these steps: In View of rootdg or the appropriate disk group view, select the volume you want to back up. Select Basic-OPs → Volume Operations → Snapshot → Snapstart. For UFS volumes, you may want to unmount the file system briefly, to ensure that the snapshot data on disk is consistent and complete. Select Basic-Ops → Volume Operations → Snapshot → Snapshot. In the Snapshot Form, either accept the default snapshot name or fill in a new name, then click MB1 on Apply to complete the backup snapshot. Note that normal usage of the original volume can now resume. Back up the snapshot volume to tape. Remove the snapshot volume by first selecting it and then selecting the following menu items:
See the manual
Logical Storage Manager
for more information on volume operations.
The file system operations are performed from the View of rootdg window for the rootdg disk group or from the appropriate disk group view for other disk groups.
To perform the following file system operations, from the appropriate disk view, first select UFS Operations from the Basic-Ops menu: Create a file system on a simple or striped volume Make a file system
To mirror a file system, select the following: Basic-Ops → Volume Operations → Add Mirror
See the manual
Logical Storage Manager
for more information on file system
operations.
The Analyze menu, available from the View of rootdg and other disk group views, allows you to display statistics about the performance of LSM objects. Note that only volume and LSM disk icons can be selected for analysis.
To start analysis, select one or more LSM disk and volume icons and then select Start from the Analyze menu. Select Parameters from the Analyze menu to specify user preferences for analysis. For example, you can specify the cutoff values for coloring or patterning of the icons under analysis.
When an icon is under analysis, you can display the Analysis Statistics form for that icon by clicking the MB3 button on the icon. Because the MB3 button is normally used to access an icon's properties form, use the Shift-MB3 button to access the properties form of an icon undergoing analysis instead.
See the manual
Logical Storage Manager
for more information on the
Analyze
menu.
Projection is the technique that the Visual Administrator uses to show relationships between icons that represent LSM objects. Projection is illustrated using color (deep pink is the default) or bitmap patterns. Projection highlights those objects that the selected object is composed of and illustrates the relationship between the objects. For example, if a volume is selected for projection, the corresponding subdisks are highlighted within the volume icon and also on the appropriate disk icons. If the selected icon has no associated objects, the Visual Administrator issues a warning to this effect.
To show the projection of a particular icon, click the MB2 button on the icon while holding down the Shift key (Shift-MB2). To stop projection, press Shift-MB2 again. You can also start and stop projection by selecting an icon and then using the Icon Projection submenu of the Projection menu.
Volume, plex, subdisk, and LSM disk icons can be selected for projection. Projection does not apply to physical disk or partition icons.
Projection may be requested in any view. When an icon is highlighted by projection, all icons representing that object in all view windows where it appears are highlighted.
See the manual
Logical Storage Manager
for more information on projection.
The
Disk Operations
menu under the
Basic
Ops
menu is not currently supported. For disk operations, use the
disk menus under the
Advanced Ops
menu.
This section lists X resources that can be used to configure the Visual Administrator according to personal preferences and system requirements.
The Visual Administrator resources and associated preferences can be specified in your .Xdefaults file. A file with default dxlsm entries is located in /usr/lib/X11/app-defaults/DXlsm. The entries in this file are commented out. You can uncomment the lines that you want to enable. Refer also to your X window system documentation on X resources for further information.
The default values specified here correspond to those defaults compiled into the Visual Administrator. Preferences specified in the system's app-defaults file may change these defaults.
The entries in the .Xdefaults file should take the following form:
DXlsm*resource: value
For example, the color used to represent a disabled icon can be altered from the default color (light grey) to orange by editing the .Xdefaults file to include the following line:
DXlsm*disabledPixel: orange
The dxlsm-related resources can also be specified for a single session only by invoking the Visual Administrator using the following syntax:
dxlsm -xrm dxlsm*resource: value
The default values can be changed according to user preferences. The
resources are listed to the left with their default values to the right. Each
resource-value pair is followed by a brief description.
The following resources apply only when the Visual Administrator is
run on a color monitor:
The color in which all foreground items are displayed. This
typically applies to icon outlines and text.
The color that serves as the background for all windows in
the Visual Administrator.
The color of icons that have been selected.
The color of icons that are disabled and cannot be used by
Visual Administrator (for example, detached plexes).
The color of icons that have been selected when an error occurs
(for example, incorrectly selected icons).
The color of subdisk icons that are free (unassociated) when
Show Free Subdisks has been turned on.
The color of icons that are projecting (displaying object
relationships) when Icon Projection has been turned on for that icon or a
related icon.
The color of icons that have a
low
usage
level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been
turned on for that icon or a related icon.
The color of icons that have a
medium
usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has
been turned on for that icon or a related icon.
The color of icons that have a
high
usage
level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has been
turned on for that icon or a related icon.
When
True
is specified, the Visual Administrator
is forced to operate in monochrome (black and white) mode, whether or not
a color monitor is being used.
The following resources apply only when the Visual Administrator is
run on a monochrome monitor:
The color in which all foreground items are displayed. This
typically applies to icon outlines and text.
The color that serves as the background for all windows in
the Visual Administrator.
The bitmap pattern for icons that have been selected.
The bitmap pattern for icons that are disabled and cannot
be used by the Visual Administrator (detached plexes, for example).
The bitmap pattern for icons that have been selected when
an error occurs (incorrectly selected icons, for example).
The bitmap pattern for subdisk icons that are free (unassociated)
when Show Free Subdisks has been turned on.
The bitmap pattern for icons that are projecting (displaying
object relationships) when Icon Projection has been turned on for that icon
or a related icon.
The bitmap pattern for icons that have a
low
usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has
been turned on for that icon or a related icon.
The bitmap pattern for icons that have a
medium
usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when
analysis has been turned on for that icon or a related icon.
The bitmap pattern for icons that have a
high
usage level (as defined in the Analysis Properties Form) when analysis has
been turned on for that icon or a related icon.
The following resources relate to icons:
When
True
is specified, volume icons will
be minimized when created, by default.
When
True
is specified, plex icons will
be minimized when created, by default. This feature is useful to display structures
within volumes, but to hide details about the subdisk structure that makes
up the plex.
When
True
is specified, disk icons will
be minimized when created, by default.
When
True
is specified, physical disk icons
will be minimized when created, by default.
When
True
is specified, icons selected
for an operation are automatically deselected when the operation completes.
If set to
False, icons are remain selected until the user
decides to deselect them, making it possible to perform multiple operations
on the same set of selected icons.
The following are miscellaneous dxlsm-related resources:
When
True
is specified to
IsvalHelp, the Visual Administrator displays a help message (including command
line option usage information) in a window at program start up.
This is the title of the application's root window.
This describes the font to be used for all text within the
Visual Administrator.
Use this to specify the number of command silos supported.
A
command silo
is a set of sequentially dependent commands
(like file system create, followed by file system mount). A larger number
of silos supports a larger number of concurrent operations that can be run,
but also requires the Visual Administrator to use more memory.
Use
commandHistorySize
to specify the number of commands that the Visual Administrator should remember
and display in the history portion of the Command Info Window.
Use
defaultViewWindow
to specify the name of the disk group to be popped up by default when the
Visual Administrator is run.
Use
chkMntptInterval
to specify how often, in seconds, the Visual Administrator should check the
system mount table to accurately display information about mounted file systems.
When
True
is specified to
twoButtonMouse, the Visual Administrator remaps the mouse buttons
for a two button mouse.
On small displays (such as those with a graphical resolution of 640x480), some windows or forms may be too long to fit entirely on the screen and the bottom area of these windows/forms may not be visible. If this is the case, the window manager's move function (ALT-F7, by default) can be used to move the window or form so that all areas and form buttons are visible.
Another technique that may allow forms to fit better on a small screen is to start up dxlsm as follows: # dxlsm -xrm dxlsm*propertiesForm*marginHeight: 1
This resource specification causes forms to appear shorter than normal. To achieve similar results, you can add the following lines to your $HOME/.Xdefaults file:
dxlsm*propertiesForm*marginHeight: 1 dxlsm*propertiesForm*marginWidth: 1
X(1X), dxsession(1X), volassist(8), volintro(8)
Logical Storage Manager